Eczema Information - The Various Types Of Eczema

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Eczema Information - The Various Types Of Eczema

There are many different forms of eczema (also referred to as dermatitis). The skin is very dry and is caused by external or internal factors. The severity of the condition can range from a few dry, red, itchy patches to huge areas of the body which can be covered in sore, inflamed, weeping and bleeding skin which can invariably become infected.

Eczema cannot be cured, but it can be controlled. It is especially distressing in children, but a large proportion do grow out of it.

The term ‘eczema’ covers a wide range of skin problems, which trouble people at different stages in their lives. It crops up in many different ways, such as in an elderly person with dry red skin around the ankles, a child with weeping red areas on the wrists, or someone whose eyelids have become itchy, red, dry and puffy in reaction to make-up. Common features of eczema include the following.

Atopic Eczema

Atopic eczema is thought to be hereditary. If one or more parents suffers with eczema, asthma or hayfever and therefore atopic themselves, then their offspring has an increased chance of becoming atopic. Atopic eczema can affect both children and adults and it tends to be the most itchy form of dermatitis. It tends to be most common in children and often begins in early life - often when the child is under the age of one. It can flare up and down from one week to the next.

Contact Dermatitis

There are two types of contact dermatitis - irritant contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis. As the name suggests, the individual will have come into contact with something which has caused the eczema.

Allergic Contact Dermatitis generally develops over a long period of time as a result of regular contact with a substance. It is the body's immune system reacting against the substance that causes the eczema. Typical substances a person can become allergic to are perfume, make up, costume jewellery.

Irritant Contact Dermatitis usually affects adults and is due to contact with irritants to the skin, commonly on the hands. Household detergents and chemical used around the home or the workplace are the main culprits. New mothers often develop this type of eczema; the arrival of a new baby inevitably leads to more frequent hand washing.

Seborrhoeic Eczema

This can affect adults or babies. In babies it is more commonly referred to as cradle cap and can be found in the scalp and nappy areas and can quickly spread to the face, neck and armpits. Unlike atopic eczema, although it looks bad, it is not sore or itchy and generally clears up from the age of one onwards.

In adults, men are more susceptible; it usually affects the 20-40 year old age group. It looks very much like dandruff and can spread from the scalp to the face where flakes of skin can originate from the eyebrows. This type of eczema is usually associated with yeast growth.

Varicose Eczema

This is more common in women than men and tends to develop in later life due to poor circulation. Therefore is affects the lower legs and ankles.

Discoid Eczema

Found in adults, and often in later life. Our skin gets drier as we get older and discoid eczema appears like coin shaped red patches usually on the lower legs.

Is eczema contagious?

No. Although eczema looks unpleasant, it is not contagious.

What causes eczema?

Eczema is a very complex condition and there is usually no one single cause for a person’s eczema.

External factors can influence eczema. For example a person may suffer irritation due to house dust mites, contact with pets, climate, or simply because they are wearing man made fibres. Factors within the body can also affect eczema. Stress, diet and the use of medicines can make their mark.

What Are The Symptoms Of Eczema

·	Itch - Itch occurs with nearly all forms of eczema, varying from mild irritation to a hopelessly distracting and distressing symptom that makes life miserable for the sufferer and others involved.

·	Redness - Redness is usually present in ecze-ma and this redness can fluctuate, appearing bright red at some times of the day while at others it is barely noticeable. The redness is usually most obvious when you are hot or have exercised, or after a hot bath.

·	Dryness - Eczema is usually dry, making your skin feel rough, scaly and some-times thickened. Dryness reduces the protective quality of the skin, making it less effective at protecting against heat, cold, fluid loss and bacterial infection.

Wetness - In severe eczema, or after a prolonged period of scratching, the skin’s protective character can be reduced further and the skin becomes wet with colourless fluid that has oozed from the tissues, sometimes mixed with blood leaking from damaged capillaries (small blood vessels). Wetness usually occurs when eczema is at its most itchy and is very likely to become infected.

Some wetness may come from small vesicles (pin-head blisters), which burst when scratched. These are most commonly found on the hands and feet, along the edges of the digits or on the palms or soles.

How common is eczema?

Eczema is one of the most common skin disorders. Studies by general practitioners suggest that around 30 per cent of all people with skin problems have eczema. Of those referred to hospital with skin problems, about 20 per cent have eczema in some form. Atopic eczema is the most common form, particularly in children, affecting 10–20 per cent to some extent.

Is there a cure for eczema?

Currently there is no cure for eczema. By following a good skin routine the effects of eczema can be managed and controlled.

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Diprolene AF : This medication is used to treat swelling, inflammation, or itching of skin conditions such as eczema, dermatitis, rashes, insect bites, poison ivy, allergies and other irritations.

Dovonex : This medication is a form of vitamin D. It is used on the skin to treat psoriasis.

Elidel : Pimecrolimus is used to treat certain skin conditions such as eczema (atopic dermatitis), in people who have not responded well to, or who should not use other eczema medications (e.g., topical steroids). Atopic dermatitis is an allergic-type condition that causes red, irritated, and itchy skin.

Kenalog : This medication is used to treat swelling, inflammation, or itching of skin conditions such as eczema, dermatitis, rashes, insect bites, poison ivy, allergies and other irritations.

Lamisil : This medication is an antifungal used on the skin to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch or ringworm.

Protopic : This medicine is an immunosuppressant used topically to treat itching and swelling associated with a certain skin condition (atopic dermatitis).

Selsun : This medication is used to treat dandruff; a certain scalp infection (seborrheic dermatitis); and for a condition that discolors the skin (tinea versicolor).

Synalar : This medication is used to treat swelling, inflammation, or itching of skin conditions such as eczema, dermatitis, rashes, insect bites, poison ivy, allergies and other irritations.

Ultravate : This medication is used to treat swelling, inflammation, or itching of skin conditions such as eczema, dermatitis, rashes, insect bites, poison ivy, allergies and other irritations.

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